In Peru, lung cancer is the fifth most frequent cause of death; however, it is the second most deadly type of cancer. “Its treatment is surgical, in early stages. If the cancer is locally advanced, multidisciplinary treatment can be given with chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy and surgery. In very advanced cases, complementary medical attention is generally given,” refers Dr. Edgar Amorin, renowned oncologist, thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon of our clinic, who provides us with more information about this neoplasm.

Who is at high risk for lung cancer?

• Those who smoke more than 10 cigarettes a day, those who have smoked for more than 10 consecutive years, those who started smoking at an early age and those who are passive smokers.
• One who is exposed to inhaling chemicals and toxic particulate matter (arsenic, asbestos, radon, wood smoke, pesticides, etc.), among other carcinogens such as uranium and fumes from the combustion of diesel engines, among others.
• Those with a personal and family history of lung cancer.
• This type of cancer used to be more frequent in men. However, in the last 10 years women present a higher percentage than men, according to INEN data, due to the change in their lifestyle and tobacco consumption.
• Patients over 40 years of age, with a higher incidence between 50 and 70 years of age. Although it is not frequently diagnosed before this age range, cases have been reported in 16 year olds.

What are its symptoms?

If the lung cancer is in the early stage, it will not present any symptoms. If there is cough, chest pain, shortness of breath, coughing up blood, bone pain, etc., the disease may be locally advanced or very advanced.

How is it diagnosed early?

If you are at high risk for developing lung cancer, you should have an annual CT scan. If micronodules are detected, they can be cured with surgery and the patient can live without evidence of the disease.

How to prevent it?

• Do not smoke.
• Avoid exposure to inhalants or toxic irritants.

Remember:

Prevention is key in the fight against cancer!

Dr. Edgar Amorin
Renowned oncologist, thoracic and cardiovascular surgeon of our Clínica Ricardo Palma