Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas which keeps blood glucose levels within normal limits so that they do not harm the body. When the ability of insulin to facilitate the use of glucose by the body’s tissues for energy diminishes, we speak of insulin resistance. Next, Dr. Karim Kundert, endocrinologist at Clinica Ricardo Palma, gives us more information about this condition.

Symptoms

In most cases, this condition does not cause symptoms. However, some people may have excess pigmentation in the neck, armpits or in some skin folds.

Main risk factors

The main risk factors for insulin resistance are:

• Excess weight
• Central obesity (waist circumference greater than normal)
• Sedentary life
• Unhealthy diet

Most frequent complications

Insulin resistance can lead to the following complications:

• Prediabetes
• Diabetes mellitus type 2
• Fatty liver
• Polycystic ovary syndrome
• Gestational diabetes
• Arterial hypertension
• Cholesterol alterations
• Triglycerides
• Increased risk of heart and brain infarction
• Birth of high-weight babies
• Increased risk of some types of cancer, among others

Treatment

Insulin resistance can decrease significantly with lifestyle changes and weight loss, in some cases until completely resolved; in others, medications may be necessary depending on the doctor’s indication.

It is important to bear in mind that the best way to prevent these diseases is to lead a healthy lifestyle from the first years of life. A balanced diet is essential, in addition to exercising regularly.

Dr. Karim Kundert
Endocrinologist at Clínica Ricardo Palma