“It is essential to guide parents so that they can implement early hygienic-dietary measures to help prevent constipation. Treatment of this condition includes the use of osmotic laxatives such as polyethylene glycol (PEG), lactulose, magnesium salts, among others. With a good evaluation and a thorough physical examination, it is possible to diagnose the condition without the need for complementary tests”, says Dr. Jessica Alvarez, pediatrician of our clinic, who provides more information on this subject.

What is constipation?

It is the delay or difficulty in defecation. The frequency and consistency of normal stools vary with the age of children and diet, and may also vary considerably from child to child.

If your child is constipated some of the symptoms you may notice are:

• Decreased stool output. Less than three bowel movements per week
• Painful defecation
• Bleeding streaks in the stool, especially when fissures are present
• At least one episode of fecal incontinence per week.
• Evidence of certain postures or attitudes to avoid defecation in the child
• Excessively bulky stools

Hygienic-dietary measures and recommendations to prevent constipation:

• Children should be encouraged to defecate after meals.
• Allow sufficient time to go to the toilet and to defecate without haste.
• It is important that young children can support their feet to defecate, if they do not support them they will have to put more pressure on the pelvic floor and there will be more risks of fissures, prolapse and defecation phobia.
• Avoid excessive dairy intake. The amount of cow’s milk in the diet should not exceed 500-750 ml/day, depending on age.
• Maintain a diet rich in fiber such as fruits, vegetables, beans, cereals and whole grain breads.
• Drink fluids daily and avoid prolonged fasting.

What symptoms do I need to take my child to the pediatrician for?

If the child has a good appetite, does not present vomiting or abdominal pain, he/she can be kept at home using the indicated hygienic-dietary measures. If the child presents constant or bilious vomiting, bloating and intense abdominal pain, refusal of food, fever or rectal bleeding, it is essential that he/she be evaluated by the pediatrician.

Remember

No treatment will be effective unless complete evacuation is achieved. It will require a great deal of patience and effort on the part of the child and parents. Proper guidance for both will be key to successfully combating this condition.

Dr. Jessica Alvarez
Pediatrician at Clínica Ricardo Palma