Keratoconus is an eye disease in which the cornea is progressively deformed, becoming “cone” shaped. This causes vision to become blurred and sensitive to light and glare. It usually affects young people with myopia and astigmatism with rapid progression who repeatedly rub their eyes, according to Dr. Karin Arellano, ophthalmologist of our clinic, who gives us valuable information about this condition.

What risk factors may contribute to the development of keratoconus?

Some factors increase the risk of suffering from this disease. For example, genetic load, environmental factors, excessive rubbing of the eyes due to allergies, inadequate use of contact lenses, systemic diseases, and ocular trauma.

What are its symptoms?

Blurred, distorted, double vision, frequent change of measurements, photophobia or increased sensitivity to light, halos around lights, especially at night, itching or eye irritation due to rubbing of the irregular cornea against the eyelid, eyestrain or difficulty seeing at night are some of the symptoms of keratoconus.

How to diagnose keratoconus?

Almost 80% of patients with keratoconus are diagnosed before the age of 30. In this context, corneal topography or corneal mapping plays a key role. This test is painless, brief, non-invasive, and provides immediate results so that the ophthalmologist can recommend the most appropriate treatment for each case.

What is the treatment?

• Depending on the degree of the condition, the specialist may suggest the use of special contact lenses, corneal crosslinking, intrastromal ring implants, or corneal transplantation.
• If the person does not receive timely treatment, he/she may have difficulties in performing daily activities such as reading, and driving or may even lose vision.

Remember:

• Over time, this condition can diminish the patient’s quality of life because its measurement increases rapidly and progressively, so they need to change their lenses frequently until there comes a time when glasses are not enough to correct their vision. Therefore, it is very important to receive an early diagnosis to stop the progression and not affect vision.
• Keratoconus can not only limit people’s daily tasks due to visual difficulties, but it can also have an emotional and psychological impact caused by anxiety and depression.
• Do not forget to have an ophthalmologic checkup once a year, as well as to go to the doctor in case of any abnormal symptom that may compromise your visual health.

Dr. Karin Arellano
Ophthalmologist at Clínica Ricardo Palma